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                <text>An interview with Sam Seltzer, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Anita Schwartz. Sam Seltzer was born in Modzurów (Modzdrzejow), Poland. Sam's family consisted of his mother, father and five siblings. Following the outbreak of the war, his mother and siblings attempted to flee east to the Russian border. Unable to complete their journey, they stayed instead with Sam's older sister in the small town of Zawiercie. After a brief time, Sam returned to Modzurów until he was rounded up by the Germans and placed in a number of forced-labor camps, including Sosnowiec, Klettendorf, Geppersdorf, Brande, Graeditz, Faulbrück and Annaberg. In 1944, Sam was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau. After several weeks in Birkenau, Sam volunteered to work as a mechanic and was sent to a labor Kommando attached to Buchenwald. Sam was liberated in Buchenwald in April 1945. After liberation, Sam was hospitalized for several years in Feldafing, Germany.  In 1947, Sam's brother entered the same hospital and they were reunited.  Sam immigrated to the United States in 1951 and his brother joined him a few years later</text>
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                <text>An interview with Vera Schey, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Vera Schey was born in Budapest, Hungary. An only child whose father died before the war, Vera and her mother survived the German annexation of Hungary in 1944 by obtaining false identification papers. During the last months of the war, the two hid in different locations in and around Budapest, separating and reuniting on several occasions. Vera left Hungary for the United States in 1946</text>
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                <text>An interview with Leon Salomon, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Mr. Salomon was born in Maków Mazowiecki, Poland and lived there with his family until Poland was occupied by the Germans in 1939. Leon and two of his sisters moved east to Kobylnik to live with their brother, a school teacher who was later killed when the Germans took over the area. In 1942, the Jewish residents of the town were executed by the Germans in a nearby forest. As Leon was being taken away to be shot, he escaped from the guards and hid in the forest. Leon was the only member of his immediate family to survive and eventually joined a partisan group fighting in the Vilna and White Russia area. He joined the Soviet Army near the end of the war and fought with them until he was wounded in east Prussia</text>
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                <text>An interview with Zoltan Rubin, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Zoltan Rubin was from KapĂşsány, Czechoslovakia. He was the youngest child in a large family of eight sons and three daughters. His family was fairly well off since his father owned a large farm and several mills. Zoltan and his parents were protected from deportation by an economic exemption until 1942 when the exemption was eliminated and his parents were deported. Zoltan was able to avoid deportation by using Gentile papers given to him by friends. In 1944, he was captured with a group of partisans and sent to a prisoner-of-war camp near Jena where he was part of a forced labor detail digging tunnels for the Germans. Towards the end of the war, he escaped with three others and lived off the land for about six weeks until the American army arrived in the area. He was later reunited with an older brother who was a doctor with the Czechoslovakian army</text>
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                <text>An interview with Agi Rubin, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Agi Rubin was born in Monkacz, a town in the part of Czechoslovakia which was annexed to Hungary in 1938. In 1944 her family was deported to Auschwitz where her mother and younger brother were killed. She worked in a sorting shed in the camp until it was evacuated in Jan. 1945. She survived a forced march of several months duration and was liberated in Germany when she was 15 years old. She was later reunited with her father</text>
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                <text>An interview with Nathan Roth, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Nathan Roth was born in Veliky Bereznyy, Czechoslovakia. After the German annexation of the area in 1944, Nathan, along with his mother, father and eight siblings, was deported to the ghetto in Ungvár where the family was split up. From Ungvár, Nathan was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau and then to Jaworzno, a sub-camp of Auschwitz. While he was at Jaworzno, Nathan worked for I.G. Farben, a German company operating an excavation project in the area. Nathan was liberated by the Russians while on the death march following the evacuation of the Jaworzno camp. He returned to Veliky Bereznyy after the war and emigrated to the United States in 1949</text>
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                <text>An interview with Mrs. Roemerfeld, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Eva Lipton. Mrs. Roemerfeld was born in Plonsk, Poland. Following the Nazi invasion in 1939, Mrs. Roemerfeld, along with her parents and older brother, were paced in a makeshift ghetto in the city. During that period, her father was shipped to Auschwitz-Birkenau and in December 1942, she, along with her remaining family, was shipped there as well. After arrival, Mrs. Roemerfeld was placed in the Kanada Kommando sorting clothes. She was then transferred to Budy, a sub-camp of Auschwitz-Birkenau. After the liquidation of the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp system, Mrs. Roemerfeld was sent to Maehrisch-Weisswasser, a sub-camp of Gross-Rosen, and also worked at a Telefunken factory. Mrs. Roemerfeld was fifty-five years of age at the time of her undated interview</text>
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                <text>An interview with Alexander Raab, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Alexander Raab was born in 1933 in JarosĹ‚aw, Poland. Following the German invasion in 1939, the Jews in the area were deported over the San River, into territory newly annexed by the Soviet Union. Following a brief stay in Grudek, the NKVD deported the family to Siberia. After an arduous journey, the family spent time in the cities of Sinyuga and Bodaibo. During this period, Alexander's father was sent to a labor commando, where he perished. In 1943 or 1944, the family was sent west to the city of Saratov. After the end of the war, they went to Ĺšwidnica, Poland. Alexander attempted to illegally immigrate to Palestine via a boat from Italy but the British Navy captured the ship. Interned by the British, he spent several years on the island of Cyprus and was finally successful in reaching Israel in 1948. He immigrated to America in 1962</text>
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                <text>Abraham Pasternak Oral History</text>
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                <text>An interview with Abraham Pasternak, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, Professor of History at the University of Michigan--Dearborn. Born in Betlan, Romania, he relates his experiences in Romania during the Nazi occupation and his internment in several concentration camps, including Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Theresienstadt, Schlieben (a satellite of Buchenwald) and Zeitz, a city in Germany</text>
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                <text>1984-08-13</text>
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                <text>An interview with Michael Opas, a Holocaust survivor, conducted by Paul H. Draznan. Michael Opas was born in Lódz, Poland in 1910. In his youth, he learned the furrier trade but as an adult he operated his own shoe business. At the start of World War II, Michael, his wife and young son fled to Warsaw where they were imprisoned in the Warsaw ghetto. Michael was sent to Majdanek then to Budzyn, a forced labor camp that repaired airplanes. From there he was sent to various camps like Ostrowiec and Auschwitz-Birkenau before finally being sent to Buchenwald, where he was liberated by the American Army. At liberation Michael was grossly underweight and had to recuperate for two months in a makeshift hospital in Buchenwald until he regained some weight and his health. After that he spent time in the Landsberg DP camp and then moved to the Stuttgart DP camp where he re-married and started a family. Michael, his new wife and one-year-old daughter moved to Detroit in 1949</text>
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                <text>1905-06-05</text>
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