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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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                <text>Gus Petrakis Oral History</text>
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                <text>In this interview Gus Petrakis recalls quitting college to go to work for Western Printing during the depression. Petrakis worked his way up to apprentice pressman, became affiliated with the Milwaukee local of the ALA, and became the first recording secretary. In 1944 Petrakis became president of his local and in 1947 took on the job of International Representative of the ALA. Petrakis recalls his involvement with the 1951 strike at the Michigan Lithographic Company and his views on the International presidency controversy. He became vice-president and reviews the nature of his work closely in the Racine-Chicago area with the newly-merged Photoengravers. At the time of the interview Petrakis had been retired for two years and is able to reflect on the kind of personal experience and his involvement in the labor movement has been.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
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                <text>1974-08-20</text>
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                <text>Petrakis, Gus, 1911-</text>
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            <name>Interviewer</name>
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                <text>Giebel, Greg</text>
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                <text>Philadelphia, PA; 1941-1974</text>
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  <item itemId="1797" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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                <text>Theodore Meyers Oral History</text>
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                <text>This interview takes place in two parts.In Part I of the interview Theodore Meyers recall s joining the ALA at age nineteen as a feeder, his time in the Navy in the Second World War, and his return to work as a feeder and how he became active in the union. Meyers discusses his roles as financial secretary, recording secretary, and serving as president of the Local 24-L, Pittsburg from 1951- the time of the interview.  He recalls his own efforts as president of his local to get his own local’s approval of the Inter Local Pension Fund and the unique way he finally succeeded. Part II covers the intricacies of the power struggle among individual union personalities, the mergers with the Photoengravers Union and the Bookbinders Union and the problems it posed for his own Pittsburg local and for New York Local One, and the whole issue of merging the pension funds of the two Internationals. Meyers concludes the interview discussing his relationship with the Teamsters and the United Farm Workers.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
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                <text>1974-08-02</text>
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                <text>Meyers, Theodore, 1922-</text>
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                <text>Hoffman, Alice, Giebel, Greg</text>
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                <text>Vancouver, British Columbia; 1929-1973</text>
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  <item itemId="1796" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                <text>Eugene Macellari Oral History</text>
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                <text>Eugene Macellari moved to Boise, Idaho in 1950 and took his apprenticeship as a lithographer there. Macellari  went to work in a mixed shop where just the litho department was ALA under Portland Local 36. Macellari describes the strike in 1957, which lasted for three months and was broken resulting in Macellari losing his job and relocating to Seattle. In Seattle he found employment as a stripper of North Pacific Bank Note Company and worked hard to establish an ALA Local , and became president of the local in 1961. Macellari’s story then turns to how he came to learn about negotiations, unions, and labor-management relations especially under the guidance of International Representative James O’ Neill. Macellari discusses the internal politics of the ALA, the origins of the movement toward merger, and talks about areas of International concern.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
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                <text>1974-02-04</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7135">
                <text>Macellari, Eugene, 1927-</text>
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                <text>Hoffman, Alice M.</text>
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                <text>Chicago, IL; 1925-1950</text>
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  <item itemId="1795" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
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                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2292">
                <text>Edward Vincent Donahue Oral History</text>
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                <text>In this interview Edward Donahue describes his childhood in South Dakota and leaving in 1939 to join the Army Air Corps where he studied photography. Donahue recalls his experience in WWII and working in the freight service after the war. Donahue enrolled at the Dunwoody Industrial Institute and this education led to his career in the engraving trade. Ed also discusses his involvement in politics and how this led to the elected positions he held in the ALA.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
            <description>Date of Record Creation (Imported from CWIS DateRecordedBegin field)</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5252">
                <text>1974-10-23</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7134">
                <text>Donahue, Edward Vincent, 1920-</text>
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            <name>Interviewer</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8494">
                <text>Hoffman, Alice M.</text>
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          <element elementId="120">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>Coverage (Imported from CWIS Coverage field)</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8946">
                <text>New York, NY; 1936-1974</text>
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  <item itemId="1794" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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                <text>Max Levine Oral History</text>
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                <text>Max Levine grew up in South Philadelphia and started working in the printing trade at age seventeen, this led to an apprenticeship and membership in the Bookbinders Union in 1951. In this interview Levine discusses organizing the  Curtis Publishing Company, the eventual dissolution of the company, and  why Philadelphia is no longer the printing center that it used to be.  Levine recalls his role as shop steward for his union,  his involvement as a delegate to the Allied Printing Trades Council, and his election to president of his local. Levine also discusses the main issues confronting the Bookbinders in the fifties and sixties and the relative non-union climate in Philadelphia.</text>
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            <name>Interviewee</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7133">
                <text>Levine, Max, 1914-</text>
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            <name>Interviewer</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8493">
                <text>Hoffman, Alice M.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8945">
                <text>1946-74</text>
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  <item itemId="1793" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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                <text>Earl Kinney Oral History</text>
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                <text>In this interview T. Earl Kinney recalls how he obtained his first job as a delivery boy in the printing division of the Sun Publishing Company in Vancouver, British Columbia. Kinney describes how he became a letter press apprentice, a member of the ALA Local 44, and his 1945 election as vice-president of this local. Kinney tells of the withdrawal of Local 44 from the AFL –affiliated Trades and Labor Congress and the struggle for financial survival. In 1952 Kinney was elected president of Local 44; in 1962 he was elected an International Councilor of his union. Kinney discusses the councilor’s election system, the workings of the International Council Board, and the Technological Development Committee.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
            <description>Date of Record Creation (Imported from CWIS DateRecordedBegin field)</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5251">
                <text>1973-02-07</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7132">
                <text>Kinney, T. Earl, 1912-</text>
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                <text>Cincinnati, Ohio;1954-1963</text>
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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                <text>Bill Hall Oral History</text>
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                <text>William (Bill) Hall left school after the eighth grade and in 1925 became an apprentice to the photoengraving trade in a non-union shop. Having become a journeyman in 1930, Hall became active in efforts to organize Chicago Local 5 of the International Photoengravers Union. Hall describes some of the issues that led other workers to gain interest in joining the local, job discrimination and security being of major concern. After his participation in the successful organizing campaign of non-union shops in Chicago, Hall became involved in the union political picture. He was elected as a delegate to the 1946 convention and served on his local’s executive board until 1949 when he began his movement onto the International stage.</text>
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                <text>Hall, William, 1910-</text>
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                <text>Hoffman, Alice M.; Geibel, Greg</text>
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                <text>Chicago, IL; 1937-1974</text>
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="457">
                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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                <text>Martin Grayson Oral History</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This interview was conducted in two parts. Part I explores how Martin Grayson was introduced to unionism by his father, a member of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers. Grayson joined the Amalgamated Lithographers of America, Local One in 1936 as a pressman, and in 1938-39 represented the Lithographers local as a delegate. Grayson discusses the rapid expansion of the graphic arts industry during the war years, and the leadership of the ALA in gaining security and well-being for its people. Grayson reflects on the influence of the younger members of Local One, his election to Secretary-Treasurer of the International in 1948, and what it was like to step right from the bench into the second highest office in the International. In part II Grayson traces the history of the Lithographers Union and the philosophy of its leadership since the 1880’s. He describes his own rise in New York Local One and the general political relationship with other unions in New York City. Grayson gives the details of his responsibilities as International Secretary-Treasurer and discusses the dominant personality of Edward Swayduck, president of the New York Local One. Grayson traces the circumstances of his move from the position of secretary-treasurer to the vice-presidency of the Mountain Region in 1952 and how he dealt with the issues in this new location. Grayson finishes up by explaining the reasons for his resignation from his union position in 1957 and for subsequently going to work for Printing Developments, Inc.  At the time of this interview Grayson was vice-president of Color-graphics, Inc.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5249">
                <text>1974-02-03</text>
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                <text>Grayson, Martin, 1914-</text>
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                <text>Hoffman, Alice M.; Giebel, Greg</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>Coverage (Imported from CWIS Coverage field)</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8942">
                <text>1904-1972; New England</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="457">
                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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      <name>CWIS Item Migration</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource (repository, collection, or item).</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2287">
                <text>Mel Galbraith Oral History</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3834">
                <text>Mel Galbraith’s introduction to the lithography trade began in the Navy in 1946 and later in 1952 training young people in a sub-tender print shop.  Out of the service Galbraith served as an apprentice on a multilith press in Minneapolis, joined Local 10 of the ALA, and became shop steward in 1954.  In 1960 Galbraith moved to become the full-time president of the ALA Local in Des Moines, Iowa. In 1961 he was appointed international representative to cover Midwestern areas. He discusses the role of an international representative, his experiences with conglomerate-type negotiations, stresses the pro’s and con’s of the coordinated approach to negotiating contracts and reflects on the changing patterns of negotiations within the printing industry. Galbraith offers his thoughts on the merger with the Photoengravers Union, the merger with the Bookbinders, and he offers an opinion on merger in the future with other unions.</text>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
            <description>Date of Record Creation (Imported from CWIS DateRecordedBegin field)</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5248">
                <text>1974-08-19</text>
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                <text>Galbraith, Melford L., 1928-</text>
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                <text>Geibel, Greg</text>
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          <element elementId="120">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>Coverage (Imported from CWIS Coverage field)</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8941">
                <text>Detroit, MI;1967-2007</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Graphic Communications Conference/IBT(International Brotherhood of Teamsters) Oral Histories</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="457">
                  <text>Interviews with International officers and representatives, local presidents on the International Council and other members of the GCC/IBT (International Brotherhood of Teamsters) and its predecessors (GAIU, LPIU and ALA) conducted by Alice Hoffman and Greg Giebel, 1973-1975.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource (repository, collection, or item).</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2286">
                <text>John R. Gabbard Oral History</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3833">
                <text>John Gabbard joined the Photoengravers’ Union in 1954 when he was working as a mask-out artist and then as a permit man for Advertisers Engraving in Cincinnati, Ohio. In there was a four week strike at Advertisers Engraving. As a result of his involvement in that strike, Gabbard was taken in as a journeyman, became more active in union affairs, and finally ran for the executive board and won in 1963. In this interview Gabbard describes in detail the various job classifications in his industry: routing, etching, printing, stripping, and other processes.</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Date Recorded</name>
            <description>Date of Record Creation (Imported from CWIS DateRecordedBegin field)</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5247">
                <text>1973-02-07</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7128">
                <text>Gabbard, John R.,1933-</text>
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            <name>Interviewer</name>
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                <text>Giebel, Greg</text>
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          <element elementId="120">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>Coverage (Imported from CWIS Coverage field)</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8940">
                <text>Detroit, MI:1967-2007</text>
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